Faculty Of Teacher Education Student's Attitude Towards The Inclusion Of Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders In Education And Upbringing Process

Poremećaji iz spektra autizma su razvojni poremećaji koji se najčešće pojavljuju u prvim godinama života i traju cijeli život. Osnovna obilježja poremećaja su odstupanja u razvoju verbalne i neverbalne komunikacije, teškoće u ostvarivanju socijalnih interakcija te specifična i zaokupljajuća stereotipna ponašanja. Osim toga, djeca i odrasle osobe s poremećajima iz spektra autizma karakteriziraju i druga specifična obilježja poput siromašne mašte, smanjena sposobnost imitacije, teškoće uspostavljanja kontakta oči u oči, mogu biti hipo i hiper osjetljiva na senzorne podražaje. Karakteriziraju ih i različite sposobnosti usvajanja i razumijevanja apstraktnih pojmova. Točan i jedinstven uzrok poremećaja ne može se utvrditi no najveći broj stručnjaka s tog područja slaže se o multikauzalnosti uzroka povezanih ponajprije s oštećenjima različitih funkcija središnjeg živčanog sustava. Školovanje učenika provodi se uz odgovarajuću profesionalnu i programsku potporu. Očekuje se da sadašnji studenti Učiteljskog fakulteta u budućnosti budu nositelji inkluzivnog obrazovanja te su stoga ispitana njihova mišljenja o uključivanju učenika s poremećajima iz spektra autizma u odgojno-obrazovni sustav te njihova samoprocjena kompetentnosti i motiviranosti za odgojno-obrazovnu potporu ovim učenicima. Za prikupljanje potrebnih podataka korišten je anketni upitnik koji je proveden online u periodu od lipnja do srpnja 2021. godine. Rezultati pokazuju kako studenti 4. i 5. godine studija imaju bolju samoprocjenu kompetencija od studenata 1., 2., i 3. godine studija te da najbolje mišljenje o uključenosti učenika s poremećajima iz spektra autizma s obzirom na mjesto studija imaju studenti s odsjeka u Petrinji.Autism spectrum disorders are developmental disorders that most commonly occur in the first years of life and last a lifetime. The main characteristics of autism are lack of verbal and nonverbal communication, difficulties in achieving social interactions and specific, preoccupying, stereotypy behavior. In addition, children and adults with autism spectrum disorders often have difficulties when it comes to imaginative activities and deficits in imitation ability, difficulties in establishing eye contact, they are hypo and hypersensitive to sensory stimulation. They are also characterized by different abilities to adopt and understand abstract concepts and generalization. The exact and unique cause of the disorder cannot be determined, but most experts in the field believe that there are multiple causes of autism, and they result from pervasive impairment of various functions of the central nervous system. Pupils with autism mostly receive education within the regular school system, but this requires appropriate support. Current student are expected to be the bearers of inclusive education in future and their opinions on the inclusion of pupils with autism spectrum disorders in the educational system and their competence and motivation to work with pupils with autism were collected by an online survey in period from June to July. The results show that 4th and 5th year students have better self-assessment of competencies than 1st, 2nd and 3rd year students, and when it comes to the place of study, the students from the department of Petrinja have the best opinion on the inclusion of pupils with autism spectrum disorder