Competitive disciplines in freestyle skiing

Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je prikazati slobodno skijanje kao natjecateljski sport, stoga što njegova popularnost raste iz godine u godinu. Nastalo je iz skijaških želja da uz klasično izvoĎenje zavoja, tijekom savladavanja terena, takoĎer uvrste skokove i akrobatske elemente. Tako se, u početku, slobodno skijanje nazivalo Hotdogging. Razvojem ovog sporta na snijegu, MeĎunarodna skijaška organizacija (FIS) priznala je 1979. godine slobodno skijanje kao službenu natjecateljsku disciplinu, a od 1992. godine slobodno skijanje dio je programa Zimskih olimpijskih igara. U ovom su radu opisane discipline unutar slobodnog skijanja: skijaški kros, skijanje po grbama, akrobatski skokovi, slopestyle, halfpipe i big air. Usto opisan je sistem bodovanja i provoĎenja natjecanja te izgled skijaškog poligona za pojedinu disciplinu. Dakako, posebna pažnja usmjerena je na kriterij ocjenjivanja koji se razlikuje kod tradicionalne i suvremene škole skijanja. Kod disciplina tradicionalne škole skijanja elementi tehnike unaprijed su odreĎeni brojem bodova, za razliku od suvremene škole skijanja, odnosno freeski, gdje se konačna ocjena temelji na ukupnom dojmu kojeg skijaš ostvari. Takav način ocjenjivanja omogućuje neprestan napredak u sportu jer natjecatelji nisu ograničeni obaveznim elementima tehnike. Dakako, slobodno skijanje, kao i svaki sport, ima svoje elemente tehnike koji se izvode na različite načine te će biti posebno opisani. Skijaši, neovisno o rekreativnoj ili natjecateljskoj razini, moraju imati usvojeno visoko znanje o skijanju i elementima akrobatike. TakoĎer sastavni dio ovoga sporta je izvoĎenje akrobacija i održavanje dinamičke ravnoteže na skijama. Konačno, ovim se radom žele prezentirati elementi tehnike svake discipline slobodnog skijanja i ukazati na budućnost ove discipline.The aim of this thesis is to present freestyle skiing as a competitive sport, because its popularity is growing from year to year. It was created as skiers wish to, in addition to the classic performance of bends while mastering the terrain, they also incorporate jumps and acrobatic elements. So, in the beginning, freestyle skiing was called “Hotdogging”. With the development of this sport in the snow, the International Ski Organization (FIS) accepted freestyle skiing in 1979 as an official competitive discipline, and since 1992 freestyle skiing has been part of the Winter Olympics program. This paper describes the disciplines within freestyle skiing: ski cross, moguls, aerials, slopestyle, halfpipe and big air. In addition, the system of scoring and conducting the competitions is also described as well as the appearance of the ski slope by individual discipline. Of course, special attention is paid to the grading criteria, which differ between the traditional and modern ski school. In the disciplines of the traditional ski school, the elements of technique are determined in advance by the number of points, unlike the modern ski school, ie freeski, where the final grade is based on the overall impression that the skier makes. This way of judging allows continuous progress in the sport, because competitors are not limited by mandatory technical elements. Freestyle skiing, like any sport, has its own elements of technique that can be performed in different ways and will be specifically described. Skiers, regardless of recreational or competitive level, must have adopted a high level of skiing knowledge and elements of acrobatics. Also an integral part of this sport is performing acrobatics and maintaining a dynamic balance on skis. Finally, this paper aims to present the elements of the technique of each discipline of freestyle skiing and to point out the future of this discipline