Development of musical abilities and implications for musical activities with children

Pojam glazbenih sposobnosti dugo se određivao, iako je danas jasno da ne postoji i da možda nikada neće postojati jedinstvena definicija koja će obuhvatiti sve fenomene glazbenih sposobnosti. Danas je poznato da su glazbene sposobnosti pojedinca rezultat međudjelovanja genetskog naslijeđa i utjecaja okoline te da se razvijaju prema sličnom slijedu kod većine, ali taj slijed nije ni univerzalan ni definitivan jer je glazbeni razvoj individualan proces svakog pojedinca. Fizičkim i kognitivnim razvojem unaprjeđuje se i kapacitet za glazbu, pri čemu je bitna i akumulacija iskustva. Cilj rada je uputiti buduće glazbene pedagoge na važnost razumijevanja djetetovog razvoja i njegovih glazbenih mogućnosti u određenoj dobi te ukazati na dobrobit glazbenog razvoja na pojedinca, čak i na njegove neglazbene sposobnosti. Nakon pregleda glazbenih sposobnosti iz psihološkog aspekta, rad se usmjerava na pedagoško-didaktičko-metodičke pristupe za razvoj glazbenih sposobnosti u sklopu ranog te osnovnoškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja, dok praktični dio rada donosi ciklus radionica za djecu predškolske dobi namijenjen unaprjeđivanju razvoja jedne od glazbenih sposobnosti: sposobnosti razlikovanja tonskih boja.The term musical ability has been a subject of definement for a long time, although today it is known that universal definition, which would adequately combine all of the musical ability phenomenas, does not exist and probably won't be found. Today we know that musical abilities of the individual are affected by both genetics and social impact. They are developing in a similar sequence for the majority of people, but that sequence is not universal nor definitive because musical development is a process of the specific person and is highly individual. With physical and mental development the capacity for music expands, which is encouraged by accumulation of experience. Goal of this thesis is to direct future professors of music pedagogy to the importance of understanding children’s development and the development of musical abilities in their respective age, and also to point out the benefits of musical growth on the individuals, even on their non-musical abilities. After reviewing musical abilities from the psychological aspect, the thesis is shifting focus on pedagogical-didactic-methodical approach of the development of musical abilities in preschool and primary school, while practical part of the thesis brings workshop cycle for the kids of that respective age which is intended for improving development of one of the musical abilities: ability to distinct timbre