Comparative analysis of gas transport costs from the CEGH gas hub to a virtual trading point in Croatia : master's thesis

Republika Hrvatska zadovoljava manje od 25% potreba za prirodnim plinom iz vlastite proizvodnje te većinu uvozi s terminala za UPP i plinskog čvorišta CEGH. Transport od CEGH-a do Hrvatske može se odvijati kroz Mađarsku ili Sloveniju, a cijena transporta je važna stavka u formiranju nabavne cijena plina te je cilj opskrbljivača pronaći način kako što jeftinije transportirati plin. Za transport plina se zakupljuju transportni kapaciteti na interkonekcijama, a svaki operator transportnog sustava ima svoje tarifne stavke po kojima ih naplaćuje. Osim iz Austrije plin u Republiku Hrvatsku dolazi i s terminala za UPP na otoku Krku. Pri takvom načinu transporta prirodni plin ne prolazi kroz interkonekcije i transportne sustave drugih zemalja, već direktno s terminala ulazi u transportni sustav Republike Hrvatske pri čemu se zakupljuju samo transportni kapaciteti za ulaz s terminala za UPP. U ovom radu napravljena je analiza i usporedba troškova transporta prirodnog plina iz različitih dobavnih pravaca do Republike Hrvatske te je pokazano koji je od njih ekonomski najisplativiji.The Republic of Croatia meets less than 25% of its needs for natural gas through its own production and imports most of it from the LNG terminal and the CEGH gas hub. Transportation from the CEGH to Croatia can take place through Hungary or Slovenia and the price of transport is an important factor in the formation of the purchase price of gas. The goal of suppliers is to find a way to transport gas as cheaply as possible. For the transportation of gas, transport capacities are bought on interconnections, and each transmission system operator has its own tariff items according to which the prices are formed. Apart from Austria, natural gas also arrives to the Republic of Croatia from the LNG terminal on the island of Krk. Using this mode of transportation, natural gas does not pass through interconnections and transportation systems of other countries, but enters the transportation system of the Republic of Croatia directly from the terminal. Therefore, the only transport capacities bought for entry are purchased from the LNG terminal. This thesis will analyze and compare the costs of transporting natural gas using various supply routes to the Republic of Croatia and will determine which of them is economically most viable