Gastrointestinal stability of selenium nanoparticles

Glavni ciljevi ovog rada bili su istražiti mogućnosti zelene sinteze nanoselena primjenom sirovih i pročišćenih pektina ekstrahiranih iz kore mandarine i komine rajčice i ekstrakta komine masline bogatog polifenolima. Istražen je utjecaj različitih uvjeta sinteze na raspodjelu veličine dobivenih nanočestica i zeta potencijal te gastrointestinalnu stabilnost. Primjenom sirovih i pročišćenih frakcija pektina izoliranih iz komine rajčice i kore mandarine moguće je sintetizirati nanočestice selena unimodalne raspodjele veličine čestica (104.2-147.6 nm) i zadovoljavajućeg zeta potencijala (oko -35 mV) dok je ekstrakt komine masline moguće primijeniti samo u kombinaciji sa sintetskim inkapsulacijskim sredstvima (polisorbat). Proces probave značajno utječe na raspodjelu veličina čestica nanoselena svih istraživanih uzoraka pri čemu nanočestice aglomeriraju ili se raspadaju na manje čestice. Najstabilniji sustavi potencijalno dobre bioraspoloživosti bili su oni inkapsulirani pročišćenim pektinskim frakcijama. Rezultati ovog istraživanja značajno doprinose postojećim saznanjima o mogućnostima primjene prirodnih ekstrakata u sintezi metalnih nanočestica te gastrointestinalnoj stabilnosti nanoselena te mogućnostima i opravdanosti njegove primjene kao nutraceutika.The main objectives of this study were to investigate the possibilities of green synthesis of nanoselenium using raw and purified pectins extracted from mandarin peel, tomato pomace and olive pomace extract rich in polyphenols. The influence of different synthesis conditions on the size distribution, zeta potential and gastrointestinal stability of the obtained nanoparticles was investigated. It is possible to synthesize selenium nanoparticles with unimodal particle size distribution (104,2-147,6 nm) and satisfactory zeta potential (around -35 mV) using raw and purified pectin fractions isolated from tomato pomace and mandarin peel, while olive pomace extract can be used only in combination with encapsulating agents (polysorbate). The process of digestion significantly affects particle size distribution of nanoselenium of all investigated samples, whereby the nanoparticles agglomerate or disintegrate into smaller particles. The most stable systems with potentially good bioavailability were those encapsulated with purified pectin fraction. The results of this research significantly contribute to the existing knowledge about possibilities of using natural extracts in synthesis of metal nanoparticles and the gastrointestinal stability of nanoselenium, as well as the possibilities and justification of its use as a nutraceutical