Development of sensibility for painting texture in children of early and preschool age

Tekstura, odnosno karakter neke površine posebno se ističe u odnosu na ostale likovne elemente s obzirom da spaja dva osjetila, osjetilo vida i osjetilo dodira. Dijete istražujući svijet oko sebe dolazi u odnos s različitim teksturama koje mogu biti glatke, sjajne, mekane, mat, hrapave, oštre...Iskustva koja je doživjelo dijete želi izraziti, nacrtati ili naslikati. Potrebno je pustiti dijete da se slobodno izražava, ne sputavati ga, ne nametati mu svoje sugestije te osigurati mu poticajno okruženje. Također uloga odgajatelja je i da poznaje dječje faze razvoja, faze likovnog razvoja te posebno dobne i individualne razvojne karakteristike kako bi osigurao likovne materijale koji će odgovarati svakom djetetu. Postoji mnogi broj autora koji ima svoje teorije u vezi razvoja dječjeg likovnog izraza, no svi se slažu u tome da su odstupanja moguća te da sva djeca ne mogu biti u istoj fazi u isto vrijeme, zbog svoje okoline ili nasljednog faktora. U ovom istraživanju cilj je bio analizom dječjih likovnih uradaka istražiti na koji način djeca rane i predškolske dobi prikazuju slikarsku teksturu u likovnom izražavanju te ustanoviti razlike u prikazu kod djece mlađe i starije predškolske dobi. Analizom dječjih likovnih uradaka utvrđeno je da nema velike razlike u interpretaciji slikarske teksture između djece mlađe predškolske dobi i djece starije predškolske dobi, odnosno da su djeca mlađe predškolske dobi jednako kao i djeca starije predškolske dobi uspješno interpretirali slikarsku teksturu.The texture, is the character of a surface, stands out in particular in relation to other artistic elements, since it combines two senses, the sense of sight and the sense of touch. The child exploring the world around him comes into a relationship with different textures that can be smooth, shiny, soft, matte, rough, sharp... The experience the child has experienced wants to express, draw or paint. It is necessary to let the child express himself freely, not to restrain him, not to impose his suggestions on him and to provide him with a stimulating environment. Also, the role of the educator is to know the children's stages of development, stages of art development and especially age and individual developmental characteristics in order to provide art materials that will suit every child. There are many authors who have their theories about the development of children's artistic expression, but all agree that deviations are possible and that not all children can be at the same stage at the same time, due to their environment or hereditary factor. In this research, the aim of the analysis of children's artwork was to investigate the way in which children of early and preschool age present the painting texture in artistic expression and to establish differences in representation in children of younger and older preschool age. The analysis of children's artwork showed that there is no big difference in the interpretation of the painting texture between children of younger preschool age and children of older preschool age, that is younger preschool children as well as older preschool children successfully interpreted the painting texture