THE BEGINNINGS OF TOURISM IN EUROPE IN THE 19TH CENTURY

Još u prapovijesti putovalo se radi egzistencijalnih razloga i ratnih pohoda. Daljnjim razvojem civilizacije počinju se javljati novi motivi putovanja. Tijekom razdoblja humanizma i renesanse europska elita počinje putovati Europom u potrazi za novim iskustvima i znanjima. Takva pojava naziva se Grand Tour i ona se veže uz putovanje europske aristokratske mladeži koja putuje u zemlje, kao što su Italija, Francuska, Njemačka i Švicarska. Industrijska revolucija za sobom je povela i prometnu revoluciju omogućenu otkrićem parnog stroja i njegovom primjenom u izgradnji parobroda i parnih lokomotiva. Između putovanja i razvoja prometnih sredstava postoji međuovisnost zato što se razvijanjem prometa razvijalo i putovanje i obrnuto. Prometnom revolucijom, počinju se javljati prve putničke agencije. U 19. stoljeću počeli su se pisati prvi vodiči koji su za cilj imali privući čitatelja na posjet određenom mjestu. U gradovima su se počeli uređivati parkovi i povećavaju se mogućnosti za zabavu. Višak slobodnog vremena ispunjavao se odlascima u parkove ili traženjem zdravog zraka izvan grada u ladanjskim vilama i ljetnikovcima. Rastu prihodi stanovništva i pojavljuju se novi poslovi koji pomažu srednjem sloju i radničkoj klasi u odlasku na odmore.Already in prehistoric times there was traveling for existential reasons and war campaigns. With the further development of civilization, new motives for travel began to emerge. During the period of Humanism and the Renaissance, European elites began to travel across Europe in search of new experiences and knowledge. Such a phenomenon is called the Grand Tour, and it is associated with the journey of European aristocratic youth traveling to countries such as Italy, France, Germany and Switzerland. The industrial revolution also led to the traffic revolution, which was enabled by the discovery of the steam engine and its application to the construction of steamships and steam locomotives. There is an interdependence between travel and the development of means of transport, because with the development of transport, travel and vice versa have developed. With the traffic revolution, the first travel agencies began to emerge. In the 19th century, the first guides began to be written that aimed to attract the reader to visit a particular place. Parks have begun to be arranged in the cities, and opportunities for entertainment in the city are increasing. Excess free time was spent with going to parks or looking for healthy air outside the city in country villas and summer cottages. The income of the population has grown and new jobs were appearing which helped the middle class and the working class with going on vacations