Influence of irrigation on morphological characteristics of olive stone and fruit at the location Dugi otok, Žman

Maslina (Olea europea L.), zimzelena voćna vrsta, jedna je od vodećih uzgojnih vrsta Mediterana. Za kvalitetu i kvantitetu ploda, jedno od veoma bitnih agrotehničkih mjera je navodnjavanje. U ovom radu cilj je bio utvrditi utjecaj obroka navodnjavanja na morfologiju ploda i koštice masline. Istraživanje je obavljeno na Dugom otoku u mjestu Žman. Sorta koja se ispitivala je Coratina, a obavljano je u četiri tretmana i tri ponavljanja na 24 stabla masline. Plodovi za ispitivanje su uzimani sa srednjih rodnih grana i sa svakog stabla po 40 uzoraka. Mjerenja su se provedena na plodu i koštici, a mjerena je duljina, širina i masa ploda i koštice, te odnos duljina i širina ploda, odnos duljina i širina koštice, masa pulpe i udio pulpe. Obrada statističkih podataka je provedena u programima Excel i Statistica 11 uz korištenje Kruskal – Wallis jednosmjerne analize varijance u usporedbi mase, širine i duljine ploda i koštice, odnosa duljine i širine te udjela pulpe ploda i koštice. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju kako je navodnjavanje utjecalo na porast svih morfoloških parametara ploda i koštice, te također pokazuje da postoje značajna odstupanja pri navodnjavanju različitim količinama vode. Kod plodova u kojima je navodnjavanje izostalo, oni su znatno zaostali u rastu i ta odstupanja su vidljiva i u izgledu ploda stvaranjem debele kutikule kako bi se plod zaštitio od daljnjeg gubljenja sokova.Olive (Olea europea L.), an evergreen fruit species, is one of the leading cultivated species in the Mediterranean. For fruit quality and quantity, one of the very important agrotechnical measures is an irrigation. In this paper, the aim was to determine the influence of irrigation rations on fruit and olive stone morphology. The research was conducted on Dugi otok in Žman. The tested olive variety was Coratina, and there were four treatments with three replications on 24 olive trees in total. The fruits for examination were taken from the middle fruiting branches and 40 samples from each tree. Measurements were performed on the fruit and stone, and the length, width and weight of the fruit and stone, as well as the ratio of length and width of the fruit, the ratio of length and width of the stone, pulp weight and pulp content were measured. Statistical data were processed in Excel and Statistica 11 using Kruskal - Wallis one-way analysis of variance in comparison of fruit and stone weight, width and length, length and width ratio and fruit and stone pulp content. The results of the research show that the irrigation affected the increase of all morphological parameters of the fruit and stone and shows that there were significant deviations in the irrigation with different amount of water. Fruits, in which irrigation was absent, were significantly smaller and these deviations were also visible in the appearance of the fruit by creating a thick cuticle to protect the fruit from further sap loss