Nearly Zero-Energy Building (nZEB)

S ciljem poboljšavanja energetske učinkovitosti zgrada u Europskoj Uniji donesena je Direktiva o energetskoj učinkovitosti zgrada prema kojoj je zgrada gotovo nulte potrošnje energije zgrada koja ima vrlo visoku energetsku učinkovitost i ta približno nulta odnosno vrlo niska količina energije trebala bi se u značajnoj mjeri pokrivati energijom iz obnovljivih izvora. Cilj ovoga rada je analizirati definiciju za zgrade približno nulte energije, navesti i opisati vrste energetski učinkovitih kuća, opisati načine dobivanja energije i karakteristike zgrade približno nulte energije u skladu s Direktivom o energetskoj učinkovitosti zgrada kako bi se smanjila potrošnja i ovisnost o neobnovljivim izvorima energije. Cilj zgrade gotovo nulte potrošnje energije je postizanje visoke razine toplinske ugodnosti, smanjivanje ukupne potrošnje energije i emisija stakleničkih plinova, povećavanje učinkovitosti rasvjete, grijanja, hlađenja, prozračivanja i elektroinstalacija.In order to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in the European Union, the Directive on Energy Efficiency of Buildings was adopted, according to which a building with almost zero energy consumption is a building with very high energy efficiency and this approximately zero or very low amount of energy should be significantly covered by renewable energy sources. The aim of this paper is to analyze the definition for nearly zero energy buildings, list and describe the types of energy efficient houses, describe the methods of obtaining energy and characteristics of nearly zero energy buildings in accordance with the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive to reduce consumption and dependence on nonrenewable energy sources. The goal of the almost zero energy consumption building is to achieve a high level of thermal comfort, reduce total energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, increase the efficiency of lighting, heating, cooling, ventilation and electrical installations