Boundaries of word-formation. New reflections on old things.

Lietuvių kalbotyroje jau seniai susiformavo nuostata, kad žodžių daryba iš esmės sutampa su derivacija. Darybos priemonės, nepatenkančios į derivaciją, arba laikomos didelio dėmesio nevertais darybos paribiais, arba apskritai tai nelaikoma daryba, nors formalūs darybos požymiai akivaizdūs (skruzdėlė : skruzdė), arba veliamasi į absoliučiai nevaisingas preskriptyvines diskusijas apie kažin kokias darybos klaidas (profsąjunga plg. vyrgydytojas). Maža to, derivacijai skiriama dūryba, nesant tikro aiškumo, kur iš tiesų yra darybos formantas ir kaip nustatyti dūrinio darybos reikšmę (nelaižytveršis : nelaižytas veršis). Straipsnyje siūlomas šių problemų sprendimas, apimantis visą lietuvių kalbos darybą (ne tik derivaciją) ir sprendžiantis čia paminėtas derivacijos problemas.The attitude that word-formation fully coincides with derivation has been well established in the Lithuanian linguistics. The means of formation that fall outside derivation are regarded as peripheries of derivation that are not worth a considerable attention, although formal features of derivation are obvious (skruzdėlė cf. skruzdė), or absolutely fruitless prescriptive discussions about some kind of mistakes (profsąjunga cf. vyrgydytojas) are generated. In addition, composition is attributed to derivation, even when it is not clear where word-formation formant is and how to identify the meaning of forming a compound (nelaižytveršis: nelaižytas veršis). The article puts forward a solution to the discussed problems, which embraces all the formation in the Lithuanian language (not only derivation) and deals with the problems of derivation mentioned here. Seeking to address the problems raised, it is necessary to evaluate the role of language economy in the word-formation and, based on this evaluation, to expand perception of the importance of word-formation. Word-formation embraces not only derivation, but also all other ways of formation that go beyond the boundaries of morphemes. However auxiliary, insignificant or peripheral they may seem, they are a part of an integral word-formation system