Lithuanian subdialects of Seinai and Punsk: the influence of Polish on the system of the accentuation of nominal words.

Straipsnyje, remiantis gausia garsinių ir rašytinių šaltinių medžiaga, aptariama lenkų kalbos įtaka Punsko ir Seinų šnektų vardažodžių kirčiavimo sistemai. Polinkis kilnojamojo kirčiavimo vardažodžius kirčiuoti pastoviai šaknyje ir (arba) priesagoje pirmiausia siejamas su lenkų kalba, aiškinamas akcentiniu paradigmos išlyginimu, t. y. laipsnišku perėjimu prie dviejų kirčiavimo tipų – koloninio ir galūninio – modelio. XX a. antrojoje pusėje – XXI a. pradžioje iš viso tiriamų šnektų ploto surinkta medžiaga remia tyrėjų prielaidas, kad vardažodžių akcentuacijos pokyčiai nulemti ne vienos kurios nors priežasties, o viso jų komplekso: 1) lenkų kalbos kirčiavimo sistemos įtakos; 2) dviejų kirčiavimo tipų – koloninio ir galūninio – formavimosi; 3) dviejų daugiskaitų – paprastosios ir kuopinės – akcentinio ir semantinio modelio; 4) to paties kamieno žodžių ir darybos tipo vedinių akcentuacijos analogijos ir kt.The article is based on many sound and written resources from the period including the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century and describes the influence of Polish on the system of nominal words’ accentuation in the subdialects of Seinai and Punsk. It is explained that Polish language, having fixed stress on the penult had the influence on: 1) dual stress of singular instrumental, plural accusative and other forms of nominal words’ cases; 2) the composition and (or) retention of suffixal nominal words’ adjacents of the first or second accentuation class; 3) the tendency to generalise the column accent for the whole type of derivatives independently on the accentuation of their base words. Accentual model of two types is one of the reasons determining the variation of the nominal words’ accentuation. The majority of cases, accentuated according this model, were found in the Lithuanian part of the area: in the inhabited localities which are closest to south-western Southern Aukštaitian region. The area of the spread of column and inflectional accentuation forms coincides with the areal of the largest accentual variability of Southern Aukštaitian subdialect. The cooperation of two strong accentual models: the reconstructed simple / collective plural and the entrenched column / inflectional accentuation paradigms, determines the overlap of oxytonesis and barytonesis in Seinai and Punsk subdialects. In the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century the material collected in the whole area of the dialects analysed supports the researchers’ assumptions that the changes in the accentuation of nominal words are determined not by a single reason but the whole bunch of reasons: 1) the influence of Polish accentuation system; 2) the formation of two accentuation types – column and inflectional; 3) the accentual and semantic model of two plurals: simple and collective; 4) the analogy in the accentuation of the same stem words and the formation type derivatives and other