Smart cities: the metrics of future internet-based developments and the renewable energies of urban and regional innovation

This paper closes a gap in the literature on smart cities relating to the metrics of future Internet-based developments. It achieves this by presenting the findings of a case study that overcomes the methodological shortcomings that otherwise exist in the metrics of future Internet-based developments and sets the stage for the renewable energies that play out as an urban and regional innovation. The case study serves to demonstrate how getting beneath the headlines that surround claims made about the metrics of future Internet-based developments provide the measures needed to bottom them out and verify whether the renewable energies, which play out as an urban and regional innovation, are not only clean enough for the growth this generates to sustain an ecological modernization, but also sufficiently inclusive for climate neutral adaptations to be just