Angiogenic Potential of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and the Possibility of Their Use for Skin Regeneration

Abstract: One of the most challenging problems in skin tissue engineering is the development of functional vascularized networks in wounded tissues. In this regard, improving angiogenesis is considered to be effective for the regeneration of the skin during wound healing. Therefore, different strategies have been developed to induce angiogenesis in skin tissue engineering. Using stem cells and delivery of angiogenic nanomaterials via a biocompatible scaffold are examples of these strategies. Adipose-derived stem cells could not only differentiate into endothelial and epithelial cells under appropriate conditions, but could also secrete angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor that induce angiogenesis in ischemia injury models. Bioglass nanoparticles are potent nanobiomaterials to improve angiogenesis in chronic wound healing. Because the wound healing process depends on the quality of newly formed blood vessels, recent interest in bioglass nanoparticles has increased dramatically. Adding some of the metallic ions (e.g., Co2+, Cu2+, Eu3+, Mg2+ and Nb5+) to the structure of bioglass nanoparticles could enhance their angiogenic properties. We purpose that delivery of ion-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles and adipose-derived stem cells via electrospun silk fibroin nanofibrous membrane as a scaffold would improve chronic wound healing by enhancing angiogenesi