Mondialisation, evolution et science raciale (Globalisation, evolution and racial science)

This chapter relates the history of the modern science of race, or raciology, to two contexts. One, 'globalisation', is empirical - the encounters between Europeans and non-Europeans and the expanding transnational networks of European savants which enabled Europe's racialisation and colonisation of much of the rest of the globe. The other, 'evolution', is intellectual - the genealogy of ideas about development and transmutation inspired by increasing geological, physiological, anatomical, social, and anthropological knowledge. My examples are mainly French, British, and German