[[alternative]]Mandala Painting Creation and Life Story of Female Drug Abusers

[[abstract]] 本研究以曼陀羅彩繪創作方式為藝術治療媒介，以「毒品犯罪女性受刑人」為研究對象，藉由研究參與者的生命歷程而引發出的生命課題為繪畫主題，再依曼陀羅分析其畫作所引動出來的生命故事、潛藏著可能造成參與者吸毒成癮的影響因子，探討其生命各階段所受到的創傷事件與吸毒經驗的相互關係。此研究計畫經過兩次的藝術治療團體，探討女性毒品受刑人的心歷路程；第一次於高雄第二監獄女子勒戒所進行，屬受觀察勒戒人。第二次團體在嘉義看守所女子監獄進行，屬毒品犯罪累犯。兩次的藝術治療團體，係應用Joan Kellogg凱洛葛的曼陀羅大圓系統分析理論，將曼陀羅繪畫創作結合質性研究取向生命故事敘說，及半結構式深度訪談進行資料分析。 研究結果顯示：從五位研究參與者的繪畫創作過程及述說的研究分析暸解到，因以下這些因素而造成與毒品接觸的種種機緣：（一）在童年時期因父母離異、家庭破碎、管教問題、隔代教養、過於溺愛、家庭成員關係疏離，家庭沒有溫暖；（二）在求學時期桀驁不馴，造成初、高中求學階段學業中斷；（三）交友情形浮濫、朋友行為偏差、導致離家出走等，且幾乎是受不良朋友影響而接觸毒品居多；（四）尤其在嘉義看守所面對的毒品犯罪累犯受刑人，其造成接觸毒品之重要影響因素之一，是在年幼時期遭受性侵及受虐的事件，造成心理強大的陰影，甚而造成成長過程中的行為偏差，自暴自棄，對人不信任，尤其對性關係及婚姻關係抱持著輕率的態度等。 另外發現在經過八週藝術治療團體過程，研究參與者因繪畫的療癒，體驗了內心感受的表達及釋放，也深深的體會對家人的關懷，備感珍惜，更期許勒戒後或服刑出獄後不再受毒品之影響，尤以希望家人、親友的支持、諒解、接納、及社會支持系統資源的支援。其次是與毒友切割、恢復正常朋友群交往、穩定的工作、及對藥物、毒品知識的認知、和對金錢的價值觀…等等，皆為不再吸食毒品的重要影響因素。[[abstract]] The present study used the method of Mandala creation as a medium for art therapy among female inmates who committed drug-related crimes. Using the life lessons derived from participants' life course as the subjects of drawings and analyzing the life stories and potential influence factors of drug addiction based on Mandla, we explored the interrelationship between trauma events in each life stage and drug use experience. This study aimed to explore the experience of drug-involved inmates through two art therapy groups. The first group therapy was provided in the 2nd Kaohsiung Women's Prison for people under observation and rehabilitation. The second group therapy was provided in the Chiayi Detention Center Women's Prison for recidivists of drug-related crime. The two art therapy groups applying Joan Kellogg's theory of Great Round of Mandala combined Mandala creations with qualitative research approach for narrative life story, and semi-structured in-depth interviews to conduct data analysis. Results suggested that: from the five participants' process of creating paintings and the analysis of narrative, these factors leaded to exposure to drugs. 1) living in a family without warmth in childhood due to parental divorce, broken family, problems of parenting, grandparenting, overprotection, and alienated family relationship; 2) rebelliousness in school days and dropping out of school in junior and senior high school; 3) having excessive casual friendship and deviant friends cause home-leaving problems, etc., and mostly were exposed to drugs due to the impact of bad friends; 4) the drug-related crime recidivists in the Chiayi Detention Center, especially, one of the important influence factors causing exposure to drugs was early childhood sexual assault and abuse, which traumatized people strongly and may cause behavioral deviance, self-abandon, distrust in others, and treating relationship, especially sexual and marital relationship as a game. Another finding was that after eight weeks of art therapy groups, participants experienced the expression and release of inner feeling, realized and cherished family's care, and looked forward to being not affected by drugs after rehabilitation or serving time in prison. They especially hoped support, forgiveness, and acceptance from family and friends and the assistance of social support system resources. Secondly, the important influence factors of stop taking drugs included separating from people using drugs, returning to normal friendship, stable job, knowledge of substance, and money values, etc