Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and co-occurring disorders (CODs): Is there a relationship between ACEs, substance use, and mental health among inmates?

Previous literature has shown that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a factor in future criminal behavior, victimization, and overall health (DeLisi et al., 2017; Mersky et al., 2013; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). Research has also found that co-occurring disorders (CODs) are prevalent among inmates with approximately half of inmates meeting the criteria of mental health and substance use disorders in previous studies (Butler et al., 2011; James & Glaze, 2006). The current study explores the relationship between ACEs and CODs, specifically in the areas of substance use and mental health. This study utilizes a secondary data analysis of an Inmate History and Needs survey completed by 166 inmates (59 females, 107 males) from three different rural jails in a southern state. Specifically, I examine if there is a relationship between ACEs and CODs among inmates. Additionally, I explore if CODs differ among male and female inmates and the relationship between parents, CODs, and living with their children prior to arrest