Nursing care the elderly in the community - a comparing of European countries

Starost je životna dob koju karakteriziraju fiziološke promjene pojedinca i specifične društvene uloge. Gerontologija je znanstvena disciplina koja proučava starost kao kronološku dob i njene specifičnosti u društvenoj ulozi pojedinca. Briga za osobe starije dobi dinamičan je proces između osobe starije dobi i medicinskih sestara, te je objašnjen u mnogim teorijskim konceptima koji će biti opisani u radu. Unatoč činjenici da je sestrinska skrb osobe starije dobi, odnosno gerijatrijska skrb u Hrvatskoj još u povojima, gerijatrijsku skrb pružaju medicinske sestre na svim razinama zdravstvene zaštite, sukladno razini obrazovanja. Sestrinska skrb za osobe starije dobi podijeljena je na sestrinsku skrb u bolničkim ustanovama, sestrinsku skrb u vlastitom domu i zajednici, te sestrinsku skrb u ustanovama trajnog boravka. Sestrinska skrb osoba starije dobi uglavnom se pruža u ustanovama primarne zdravstvene zaštite i u zajednici. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati sestrinsku skrb za osobe starije dobi u Hrvatskoj s usporedbom sestrinske skrbi u europskim zemljama kroz teorije sestrinske skrbi, odrednice gerijatrijske zdravstvene njege, kompetencije medicinske sestre, organizacije sestrinske skrbi, prikazom uloge sestre u pružanju sestrinske skrbi te sustavnim pregledom znanstvene literature na navedenu temu.Old age is age characterized by physiological changes of the individual and specific social roles. Gerontology is a scientific discipline that studies age as a chronological age and its specifics in the social role of the individual. Elderly care is a dynamic process between the elderly and nurses, and is explained in many theoretical concepts that will be described in the paper. Despite the fact that nursing care for the elderly, ie geriatric care in Croatia is still in its infancy, geriatric care is provided by nurses at all levels of health care, in accordance with the level of education. Nursing care for the elderly is divided into nursing care in hospitals, nursing care in one's own home and community, and nursing care in permanent care institutions. Nursing care for the elderly is mainly provided in primary health care facilities and in the community. The aim of this paper is to present nursing care for the elderly in Croatia with a comparison of nursing care in European countries through theories of nursing care, determinants of geriatric health care, nursing competencies, nursing care organization, presentation of the role of nursing in nursing care and systematic review of scientific literature on the above topic