Transfer Reservoir as a Modern Solution of Storm Water Transfer to Water Receivers

The methods used in the practice of transferring of the excessive wastewater to the water receivers consist in gravitational outflow with the collector build in the section from water outflow point to the river. The cases of frequent flooding of the stormwater system caused by the lack of sufficient gravitational transfer often forced the users to build pumping stations. The overview of the used methods of stormwater transfer from the protected drainage basin to the water receiver in the periods of high filling levels did not reveal a solution which would be universal, reliable and widely used in the practice with small adaptive modifications. Therefore, the study discussed the problems of developing of the hydraulic solution for the method of transfer of the wastewater from precipitation to the water receiver to ensure unlimited, gravitational outflow in the periods of lower levels and medium filling states in the river (and forced transfer in the period of suddenly rising levels). The idea of these solutions consists in that the facilities of transfer of the stormwater to the water receiver should be located at the protected side of the drainage basin. These solutions would ensure the possibility of emergency repairs even if high filling levels were on the river. Their shape and the way they are embedded in the natural environment cannot negatively affect the landscape planning. Implementation of the retention reservoirs in the wastewater system is an essential component of the effective process of control of the outflow of the sludge from the drainage basin. It can be (and in many cases should be) supplemented with the components of the system that guarantee a considerable improvement in reliability of operation and ensure the appropriate efficiency of the assumed system of dewatering of the drainage basin. These components also include transfer reservoir, which adopt the responsibility for transfer of the wastewater from precipitation to water receivers e.g. rivers with high filling levels and also transfer of this wastewater from depressed land with respect to the elevated levels in river. Transfer reservoirs might also be used for moving a part or the whole flow of the wastewater to the drainage basin with lower filling levels in the areas of higher location with respect to the relieved drainage. Transfer reservoirs can also operate together with sewage treatment plants. One of solutions suggested in this case is that one of the transfer reservoirs transfers the wastewater flowing to the plant to the height demanded by the technological process, whereas after treatment, the second reservoir ensures its transfer to the receiver. Based on these conditions and problems, the authors developed new solution for transfer reservoirs. The present paper presents the design and principle of operation of one of these solutions