Complications in the early adaptation period of neonates of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus

Diabetes is one of the common complications during pregnancy. Insulin-dependent diabetes, lasting from childhood, is an outcome of 0,5% of pregnancies, while significantly more pregnant women is diagnosed with gestational diabetes. It is believed to be a risk factor of more frequent occurence of neonatal complications. The aim of our research was to present the most common complications in the early adaptation period of diabetic mothers’ neonates. Retrospective research included 222 neonates of mothers with GDM that were hospitalized in the Neonatal Unit in Katowice from 2009 to 2017. In the study group 199 newborns were born by caesarean section and 23 by natural labour. 23 (10,36%) neonates had features of hypertrophy, whereas 30 (13,51%) – hypotrophy. 33 children (14,86%) have been diagnosed with carbohydrate disorders. Complications in the early adaptation period occurred in 44,1% of neonates and hyperbilirubinaemia was the most frequent (55,1%). Among the developmental anomalies, the most common was the congenital heart disease - 10.81% of newborns. Complications in the early adaptation period occur often in diabetic mothers' neonates, in particular: carbohydrate disorders, pathological jaundice and PIVH features in additional examinations. 10,81% of neonates have been diagnosed with non-critical heart disease