METHODS APPLIED FOR PRESERVATION AND REHABILITATION OF HISTORICAL URBAN CENTRES

Both the Polish and international experiences are apparently showing th a t the way to effective prese rvation and rehabilitation of historical centres within the urban organisms is to be considered as one extremely difficult as it requires from those responsible for it to be many-sidedly acquainted with the structure and life of a given town, with directions and trends governing its transformation and reconstruction and above the all to control these transformations in a manner enabling the putting into effect all theses and requirements set forth by conservators. On this way a need will arise to make the use of methods which might be divided into the following three groups: I. Cognition through historical studies, detailed inventorying surveys of the present state (using both architectural and town-planning methods), architectural investigations (using a method of historical stratification of objects investigated), testing technical conditions, inventorying survey of technical equipment, analysis of actual use, demographic data; II. Defining the range and directions for preservation and rehabilitation through establishing of protection zone for a given site, delimitating of detailed protection areas, detailed studies for the centre’s development, proposals and drafts for infrastructure, preliminary economical appraisal of works undertaken; III. Detailed planning of action — determining the p a rt played by the centre within the town’s general plan, defining and locating the programme of utilization, dislocation and translocation of inhabitants, defining the stages of realisation and detailed economical appraisal