The economy of soviet Ukraine on the ground of the 2nd Department of the General Staff of Polish Army at the turn of the twenties and thirties in the 20th century

In spite of the Treaty of Riga, that was signed on March 18th, 1921, between Poland, Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine, and also an official ending of the Polish-soviet war, all parties of that conflict were continuing intensive reconnaissance operations. Among others, the Polish intelligence service observed carefully the Ukrainian economy in the inter-war period (1921-1939). For this purpose, they used all possible reconnaissance methods, as well as cooperation with intelligence services of other states, which accounted for potential or real dangers from the side of the Soviet Union and the Red Army. As a result of these actions is a big resource of very interesting records of the 2nd Department of the General Staff of Polish Army from years 1921-1939. A part of that documentation is currently abroad, in Moscow. However the archive has been available for historians for dozen or so years, especially for Polish ones. It is important to notice, that one of issues explored in quite limited way is the state of soviet economy, especially the soviet agriculture, and changes occurred in the period between the two World Wars. That is why, in this article the author shows a general knowledge of the intelligent service in those days about a farming, an industry and infrastructure of the soviet Ukraine. The author emphasizes especially all these aspects, that impacted the growth of the soviet military potential. Besides, the author tries to show also what kind of influence had collectivization of the Ukrainian countryside and the Great Famine (Ukrainian: Holodomor) of 1932–1933 on the condition of the soviet armed force and its real mobilization potential in the area of supplies of horses for the Red Army