Тенденції розвитку системи навчання та виховання учнів у католицьких школах Німеччини (1945 р. – кін. 80-х рр. ХХ ст.)

The actuality of our scientific research is determined by the necessity for the historical analysis of the educational and pedagogical activity of the Catholic schools in Germany during the period from 1945 until the unification of Germany. Because, during this time - the period of the school education reforms and search for the new ways of education and upbringing, the priority of the education and upbringing of the Catholic schools was the moral and spiritual education, and the main purpose of the school education was to educate pupils to become the harmonious and spiritually developed individuals. The scientific research highlights the regulation of the church documents about the educational and upbringing process of the Catholic schools, namely: programs, rules, and constitutions that were adopted by the Catholic synods and councils, or by one person – the Pope. The article represents the issues about the activity of the Catholic schools: the identity infringement of the teachers’ staff, financial and economic security of the educational establishments, upholding the rights and freedoms of the private schools and adjustment in government control over school, the intensification of the educational process. The scientific research investigates the reforms of the traditional Catholic school system of education in the 1960s-1980s. Purpouse. The investigation of the tendencies of the educational and upbringing development in the Catholic schools in Germany during the period from 1945 until in the late 1980s. Methods of investigation. Historic and logic analysis, generalization, systematization and classification of the printed sources and archives. The retrospective, systematical and logic analysis of the scientific work, scientific literature and archive are used in the study. Results. In the period of the Catholic schools reformation we distinct the following changes of the implementation of the traditional Catholic school policy: a permission for the coeducational studying at schools, a permission for the catholic-pupils to study at the non-Catholic schools, the encouragement of the teachers, who were the parishioners of the Catholic church, to teach at the Catholic schools, the rights and freedoms for the schools in determination of the priority of the educational and upbringing process