The article presents Martin Luther, the Reformer as a musician and theologian of music. From his early age, Luther played the lute well, later on also the flute and sang.When Luther studied in Eisenach, he had music lessons. Because music was taught in a mathematical manner, Luther acquired good understanding of the theory of harmonics. He learned to distinguish between different musical genres. In the monastery, already as a monk, he could refine his skills. Later on Lutherwas able to transcribe and adapt folk melodies (contrafactum) and to harmonise them as well as to write music for psalms. The Reformer himself composed 36 hymns for German texts. As Luther reformed the liturgy, he accorded full importance to the sermon as well as to comm...