Methods of determination of elastic moduli of particulate materiais - brief review

The methods of determination of elastic moduli for particulate materials with special attention to non-cohesive soils are discussed. Various experimental techniques to isolate elastic response of tested materials are described and analysed. Some short-comings are indicated and any inconsistencies with cIassical theory of elasticity are discussed. Attention is focused on the methods that can be applied using conventional laboratory apparatuses. In addition, some models that allow for calculation of elastic moduli are also presented