A comparison between conventional buoy mooring CBM, single point mooring SPM and single anchor loading SAL systems considering the Hydro-meteorological condition limits for safe ship’s operation offshore

The purpose and scope of this paper is to describe the characteristics and make comparisons between: Conventional Buoy Mooring (CBM), also referred to as Multi-Buoy Moorings (MBM), Single Point Mooring (SPM) and conventional Single Anchor Loading (SAL) systems considering the hydro meteorological condition limits enabling safe ship’s cargo and manoeuvring operation offshore. These systems (CBM, SPM and SAL) are typically used for short term mooring applications offshore associated with the offloading and loading of bulk liquid fuel tankers transporting refined and unrefined products of crude oil. The permanently moored vessels FSO/FPSO are excluded from this scope