Current trends in global warming could lead to severe ecological consequences for marine species and communities in coastal aeras. Using three marine bivalve species as models (C. gigas, O. edulis, and P. maximus), the objective of this thesis was to improve our knowledge about potential effect of climate variability on coastal benthic organisms, particularly their reproduction and recruitment variability. Using a numerical modeling tool (DEB model) coupled with IPCC climate scenarios, we highlighted new perpectives on the reproductive responses of C. gigas and P. maximus to global warming. In C. gigas, we shown that the increase in seawater temperature allowed a greater number of spawning events in the bay of Brest since 1995. In P. Maximu...