Object Detection with Component-Graphs in Multi-band Images: Application to Source Detection in Astronomical Images

International audienceIn the context of mathematical morphology, component-graphs are complex but powerful structures for multi-band image modeling, processing, and analysis. In this work, we propose a novel multiband object detection method relying on the component-graphs and statistical hypothesis tests. Our analysis shows that component-graphs are better at capturing image structures compared to the classical componenttrees, with significantly higher detection capacity. Besides, we introduce two filtering algorithms to identify duplicated and partial nodes in the component-graphs. The proposed method, applied to the detection of sources on astronomical images, demonstrates a significant improvement in detecting faint objects on both multi-band simulated and real astronomical images compared to the state of the art