International audienceWhile the energy transition is concentrated in cities, it cannot be contained within them: the majority of the energy they consume is produced outside their administrative perimeter. While the contemporary energy system leaves little leeway for local actors, the changes since the start of the 21st century have created more open conditions. To contribute to the spread of renewable energy, cities must (re)create links with the countryside that can supply it. This article shows that these urban-rural relations are not currently a dominant factor in the measures taken by local authorities. Most of these relationships are characterized by a predominantly urban perspective: the city taps the resources of the countryside. The...