National audienceDesigned for strategic observation purposes, terrestrial observation capabilities have followed the diplomatic and economic developments of space-faring nations, particularly those of the United States. The Gulf War and the end of the Cold War raised the question of relocating the technological efforts made during the period of bipolarisation of space activities, with the aim of maintaining a strategic advantage. It was notably under the presidency of Bill Clinton that space business was opened up to companies, allowing the liberalisation of techniques that had previously been dedicated to military activities and benefiting public administrations through return on investment. The New Space, so characteristic of the Americ...