The lifetime of C/C composites is often limited by the nature of the oxidizing environment. Thus, their oxidation has been characterized first, from a physicochemical standpoint, taking into account the effect of temperature, moisture and the presence of catalytic impurities such as potassium carbonate. Then, the decrease of mechanical properties caused by oxidation was quantified and related to oxidation conditions. In the absence of a catalyst, the mechanical properties of the C/C composites undergo a more important decrease even for rather limited weight loss, related to apreferred degradation by oxidation of the fiber/matrix interfaces. The presence of K2CO3 leads to an important increase of the oxidation rate but forthe same weight los...