Long-Term Outcome and Valve Surgery for Infective Endocarditis in the Systematic Analysis of a Community Study

International audienceBackground There are limited data describing sex specificities regarding implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in the real‐world European setting. Methods and Results Using a large multicenter cohort of consecutive patients referred for ICD implantation for primary prevention (2002–2012), in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy, we examined the sex differences in subjects' characteristics and outcomes. Of 5539 patients, only 837 (15.1%) were women and 53.8% received cardiac resynchronization therapy. Compared to men, women presented a significantly higher proportion of nonischemic cardiomyopathy (60.2% versus 36.2%, P 120 ms: 74.6% versus 68.5%, P =0.003), higher New York Heart Association functional class (≥III in 54.2%♀ versus 47.8%♂, P =0.014), and lower prevalence of atrial fibrillation (18.7% versus 24.9%, P <0.001). During a 16 786 patient‐years follow‐up, overall, fewer appropriate therapies were observed in women (hazard ratio=0.59, 95% CI 0.45–0.76; P <0.001). By contrast, no sex‐specific interaction was observed for inappropriate shocks (odds ratio ♀=0.84, 95% CI 0.50–1.39, P =0.492), early complications (odds ratio=1.00, 95% CI 0.75–1.32, P =0.992), and all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio=0.87 95% CI 0.66–1.15, P =0.324). Analysis of sex‐by‐ cardiac resynchronization therapy interaction shows than female cardiac resynchronization therapy recipients experienced fewer appropriate therapies than men (hazard ratio=0.62, 95% CI 0.50–0.77; P