Eleanor of Provence, Queen of England

V magistrskem delu je predstavljeno življenje in delovanje angleške kraljice Eleonore Provansalske, žene angleškega kralja Henrika III. Plantageneta. Henrik je zavladal po nemirnem obdobju predhodnikov, pod katerimi je nastal in ozemeljsko skoraj izginil Anžujski imperij. Leta 1236 se je poročil z dvanajstletno Eleonoro, ki je bila iz izobražene in kulturi naklonjene provansalske družine. Bila je ena izmed štirih sester, ki so se v 13. stoletju poročile z vplivnimi evropskimi vladarji. Angleški kraljevi par je imel trdno zakonsko zvezo in Eleonora je izpolnila svojo osnovno, glavno vlogo z rojstvom prestolonaslednika. Kot kraljica je dobivala vedno večjo moč. Najprej se je v angleški dvor vmešavala posredno, preko svojih savojskih sorodnikov, ki so pomembno vplivali na Henrikovo vladanje. Nato ji je naklonjenost moža omogočila samostojnejše upravljanje financ in med njegovim posredovanjem v Gaskonji je postala regentka. Podpiranje Savojcev in samostojnejše delovanje sta bila vzrok za njen slab ugled. Nepriljubljenost pri Angležih je dosegla vrhunec leta 1263, ko je prišlo do odmevnega fizičnega napada nanjo. Kljub negativni oznaki je bila zelo zvesta in skrbna mati in žena. Posebej se je izkazala med drugo baronsko vojno, ko je z veliko lastne pobude in sposobnega delovanja poskušala moža in sina rešiti iz ujetništva. Svoje dejavno življenje kraljice je kot vdova zaključila z umikom v samostan v Amesburyju, kjer je umrla leta 1291.This master\u27s thesis presents the life and work of Eleanor of Provence, Queen of England. She was the wife of Henry III Plantagenet, whose rule as the King of England started after a turbulent period of his predecessorsthose were the kings under whose rule the Angevin Empire was established and almost completely destroyed. In 1236, Henry married a twelve-year-old Eleanor, whose family was educated and keen on culture. Eleanor was one of the four sisters who married powerful European rulers of the 13th century. The royal couple had a firm marriage, and Eleanor fulfilled her main role by giving birth to a male heirafterwards, she started to gain more and more power as a queen. First, she interfered in the matters of the English court indirectly through the support of her relatives from Savoy. Then, the good relationship with her husband enabled her more financial independencemoreover, she became Henry’s regent at the time of his intervention in Gascony. Nevertheless, Eleanor’s support of her French relatives and her gained independence resulted in a bad reputation in England. Her unpopularity reached its peak in 1263, when several Londoners physically attacked her. However, she remained a loyal and caring mother and wife, regardless of her reputation. She importantly supported Henry and showed considerable ability to work on her own during the Second Barons’ War, when she tried to save her husband and son from captivity. Her active life of a queen ended when she joined the Amesbury monasteryshe died there in 1291