Urban morphology and atmospheric pollutants distribution

International audienceInfluence of urban forms on pollutants distribution is presently investigated in urban atmospheric pollution researches. This multi-scale problem is generally studied on a single sclae (local, meso or global) but seldom considering the total effect of network and urban units together. The articulation of several scales of pollutant observations (point measurement, streets, and urban area) is a particularly of the present work. Two objectives are defined: - precisely define the morphological elements which influence the pollutant distribution; - spatialize the measurements with the help of satellite data, taking benefits from previous results. This research project allows the combination of different scales, different methods and modeling approaches on streets and on the total urban area through different geographical data integration (GIS and Remote sensing). The point measurement sites were also reviewed according the morphological indicators designed through GIS applications. The BD(c)TOPO-IGN allows extraction of heights, surfaces and volumes on the urban area, which are injected in pollution modeling, and used for qualifying the point measurement sites. These morphological indicators are associated to dominant winds (frequencies and charges) and studied in order to highlight the difference between proximity pollution and "day to day" one. Such indicators need to be developed and tested in diverse situations to enhance the typology of measurement sites and strengthen their representativity