The New Feudal Kings' Financial Resources and Influence in the Late Ming Dynasty:A Case Study of King Hui

【中文摘要】惠王朱常润是明朝最后一批分封且就藩的藩王,分析其获得财源及建立权势的过程可以揭示明末藩王与地方社会的关系，重新理解王府于晚明历史的意义。嘉靖后新封的藩王处于新的供应体制之下，且在合法财源和朝廷支持力度方面都超过旧藩。但在晚明财政危机的背景下,受封越晚的藩王越难顺利获利,其权势嵌入地方社会亦非易事。惠王在荆赡田搜括的过程呈现出新藩、旧藩和地方官三方较量的态势。在晚明社会动乱的背景下，惠王迎合朝廷需求,改善与官民的关系,提高个人声望,经营地方防务,渐有一方之主之势。惠王的个案是王府并非简单站在社会经济对立面的有力证明，晚明新封藩王有越过藩禁,介入地方政治、经济和军事的趋势，甚或有主导一方社会秩序的可能。 【Abstract】The King Hui，Zhu Changrnn，is one of the last kings , who are enfeoffed and finally go to the fief, in the Ming Dynasty. This article focuses on his acquisition of financial resources and the process of authority building，to get a glimpse of the interaction between kings and local society in the late Ming Dynasty，and re-understand the significance of the imperial clan for this period. After the Emperor Jiajing，those new feudal kings are under a new supply model and surpass the old feudal kings in terms of legal financial resources and court supply. However，in the context of the financial crisis in late Ming Dynasty，It becomes more and more difficult for new feudal kings to make a smooth profit，and it is also not easy for them to embed their power in the local society. The King Hui's process of getting land in Jingzhou presents a three-way contest among a new King，local officials and old seigniors. In the social crisis of the late Ming Dynasty，The King Hui caters to the needs of the imperial court，improves relations of officials and civilians，enhances personal prestige， runs local defense，and gradually establishes the power of the local lord. In short，The King Hui's case is a strong proof that the kings are not simply standing on the opposite side of the social economy，and what's more，the new feudal Kings in the late Ming Dynasty have a trend to bypass the ban and intervene in local politics，economy and military，or even to dominate the social order of local society.吴滔，中山大学历史学系（珠海）教授、博士生导师，历史学博士 ；谢宁静,中山大学历史学系博士研究生