Investigating the role of urban morphology in designing resilient cities

Nowadays, natural catastrophes and human activities are considered unknown, unpredictable urban threats. To deal with a wide range of natural and manmade hazards that threaten the productivity, livability, and functionality of the cities, they need to build on their resilience. The key challenge in this regard is the planning, design, and management of urban settlements where, according to sustainable standards, human beings will be able to have the desired quality of life. The national resilient cities initiative seeks to solve these issues with the vision of the resilient city as the target that encompasses all forms of hazard mitigation. Cities' physical form has important consequences for their capacity to cope with adverse events and changing circumstances. It is examined that all indicators of topology and design measures have implications for urban resilience. A systemic strategy and a consistent vision of urban resilience must therefore be created for the development and strengthening of cities against new disturbances. There are highly developed structures for the study of urban form in the field of an urban morphology that can be utilized to compile data on resilience, its aggregation and disaggregation, and impacts on smaller and larger-scale analytical units. A few studies have started to draw connections between these areas, opening the door for more comprehensive analyses. They propose that, through the design of city urban morphology, it might be possible to enhance its resilience. The goal of this paper is to apply resilience thinking to urban studies and to identify the necessary basis for more urban resilience research by reviewing and synthesizing theoretical evidence on how urban morphology can promote or hinder urban resilience in the physical structure of cities