Darstellung funktionaler Zusammenhänge zwischen physikalischen Größen des Meerwassers durch Näherungspolynome

A table of the electrical conductivity of sea water at atmospherical pressure as a function of salinity and temperature, compiled from values presented by THOMAS, THOMPSON, UTTERBACK, Cox, and REEBURGH, is approximated by a polynomial. In addition to the dependence of conductivity on pressure stated by BRADSHAW and SCHLEICHER a polynomial is determined which represents conductivity as a function of salinity, temperature and pressure. Furthermore a corresponding polynomial representing the velocity of sound as established by WILSON is used. From these quantities salinity and pressure are calculated approximately as functions of temperature, conductivity and sound speed, as well as salinity as a function of temperature, pressure and conductivity and presented in the form of polynomials, in the aim to obtain the basic quantities from those observed directly with apparatus of the continuous-profiling type. The calculation is formulated for use on an electronic computer. The derived formulae are valid for almost all regions of the oceans and for all depths with a precision meeting the usual rather high requirements provisionally in most cases. The effects of errors in the measurement of the directly measureable quantities, on salinity and on the anomaly of the specific volume are discussed