The impact of a physical training program on the mobile abilities of highly skilled basketball players

Background. Studies related to the external load of basketball reveal that players run from 4,500 to 7,500 m during a match, perform up to 1,000 different actions (defense, sprint, change of direction, jumping, walking, etc.), perform about 45 jumps, and that only a few game sequences last longer than 40 seconds (Abdelkrim et al., 2010). The density of game activity (work-rest ratio, work: rest) varies depending on the action, intensity, and moment of play. Thus, medium and high intensity actions have a density of 1: 1, approximately 15 s duration (15 s work and 15 s rest). High and maximum intensity actions last 2–5 s (maximum 2 s) and have a density of 1:10 (2 s work and 20 s rest). High-intensity activities require longer rest periods (Schelling, Torres-Ronda, 2013). Most of these actions require an anaerobic system, both lactic and lactic (Delextrat, Cohen, 2009). In terms of heart rate, peak values range from 188 to 195 IU / min, with averages ranging from 169 to 180 IU / min (Montgomery, Pyne, & Minahan, 2010). The thesis aims to develop a high-skill physical training program for basketball players, which focuses on aerobic conditioning, strengthening anaerobic systems (both lactic and lactic) in order to influence the mobile abilities of basketball players. Research aim - to evaluate the impact of a physical training program on the mobile abilities of highly skilled basketball players. Tasks: 1. To analyze the importance of mobile skills in the basketball of high mastery at the theoretical level; 2. To evaluate the mobile abilities of highly skilled basketball players. 3. Examine the impact of a physical training program on the mobility skills of highly skilled basketball players. Methods. Study of literature sources, testing of moving abilities, pedagogical experiment, statistical analysis. Results. This study found that the 20 m running time of high-skilled basketball players after the application of the physical training program decreased statistically significantly (p = 0.032). It was also found that the scores of the basketball palyers‘ dexterity test improved statistically significantly, which means that at the end of the five-week physical training program, the basketball players' dexterity was 8 better than before the program (p = 0.011). The height of the vertical jump of high-skill basketball players increased statistically significantly after the physical training program (p = 0.006). Conclusions 1. Mobile activities are characterized by many mobile skills; complex, combined structure of actions and combinations; a wide variety of these actions. The following basic mobile skills are distinguished in the scientific literature: strength, endurance, speed, agility, flexibility, jumping. The development of each of these mobile skills is important in basketball, as they affect the technical and tactical skills of the basketball player required during the competition and allow him to be superior and more resilient than the opponent. 2. The physical abilities of basketball players were assessed before the physical training program. Speed and sudden strength, endurance, and agility were found to be moderate. 3. The performance indicators of high-skill basketball players before and after the application of the physical training program differed statistically significantly in terms of speed strength, sudden strength and agility. An improvement in endurance was also found in the study, but this difference was not statistically significant