Different workload raise strategies affect on muscle damage

The intensity and amount of physical workload in sport training can be divided into several ways: continuously, concentrated, directed, not directed. The workload placement strategy’s influence on muscle damage is still unclear. Hypothesis. Rapid increase of workload will result in bigger muscle injury then consistently enhanced workload. Aim. To determine different workload increase strategy’s influence on muscle damage. Objectives: To determine the rapid increased workloads’ effect on the muscle damage. To assess the effect of consistently raising workload on muscle damage. Works’ contribution to practice. The determination of physical workload’s components effect on muscle damage might be useful for the choice of muscle strengthening and rehabilitation programmes. Methods. Healthy and not actively sporting men (n=11), in the first group 7 participants (19,6±1,8 m.), second group 4 participants (19,5±1,7 m.). First group of participants performed 9 trainings, during which the workload was rapidly enhanced: 1-3 exercises were performed in stable workload, 4-6 exercises with bigger number of jumps, 7-9 exercises were performed having bigger squatting angle in knee joints. Second group performed 9 exercises, during which workload was risen stably, during 1-3 exercises, the level of platform was risen, during 4-6th exercises, the number of jumps was increased and during 7-9th exercise – the squatting angle in knee joints was increased. Before and after exercises the level of creatinkinasis in blood serum, volitional strength movement force, electro stimulation (15 and 50 Hz) and pain were assessed. Results. Research data showed that after the first training workload the maximal volitional strength movement force and the electro stimulation induced force reduced, muscle pain was noticed, more then two times CK activity in blood serum was monitored. Rapidly increasing the number of jumps, 50 Hz caused force reduced equally , but regained quicker then after the first workload. Rapidly increasing muscle extension amplitude, the force induced by 50 Hz, significantly more reduced then using low (15Hz) frequency. During stably risen workload, after first workload, the force significantly reduced and did not recover fully, not depending on electro stimulation frequency. Stably rising workload, pain and risen creatinkinasis activity level disappeared, and appeared again only after the rise of muscle amplitude’s extension. Conclusions: 1. Eccentric – concentric bout causes muscle damage, which is not directly shown by pain, CK activity, reduce of muscle’s capacity caused by electro stimulation after a physical exercise. During training, pain and CK activity reduces, electro stimulation caused force regain becomes quicker. After rapidly increased number of jumps and muscle extension amplitude, pain appears again, force caused by electro stimulation reduces, especially used by low frequency and in case of shorter muscle length. 2. Muscle pain reduces and the recovery of muscle becomes quicker during the consistent raise of workload amount. After raising muscle amplitude’s extension, pain appears again, the same as the level of CK activity, electro stimulation induced force reduces and does not depend on the frequency used, length of muscle. 3. Muscle damage occurrence during different workload placement strategy’s did not differ significantly