Illustration of double headed sphinx carved on orthostat, Carchemish I (Pl. B 14 a) at Karkamış. Basalt relief, about 135 cm in height and dated from 950-850 BC. Carchemish, Roman Europus (Karkemish or Karkamış in Turkish), ancient city-state located in southern Turkey, along the border with Syria, on the west bank of the Euphrates River near the modern town of Jarābulus northern Syria, and southeast of Gaziantep, Turkey. It occupied a strategic crossing of the Euphrates River for merchants in Syrian, Mesopotamian, and Anatolian trade, part of the Mitanni, Hittite and Neo Assyrian Empires.Paper (1 sheet