Volume maximization and the extended hyperbolic space

13 pages, no figureInternational audienceWe consider a volume maximization program to construct hyperbolic structures on triangulated 3-manifolds, for which previous progress has lead to consider angle assignments which do not correspond to a hyperbolic metric on each simplex. We show that critical points of the generalized volume are associated to geometric structures modeled on the extended hyperbolic space -- the natural extension of hyperbolic space by the de Sitter space -- except for the degenerate case where all simplices are Euclidean in a generalized sense. Those extended hyperbolic structures can realize geometrically a decomposition of the manifold as connected sum, along embedded spheres (or projective planes) which are totally geodesic, space-like surfaces in the de Sitter part of the extended hyperbolic structure