Framework For Operationalizing The Buddhist Concept Of Gross National Happiness

This paper attempts to evolve a framework for the operationalization of GNH from the perspective of Buddhist ethics and values. Operationalization in this context is basically an exercise in activating and applying the relevant Buddhist values in their true forms and with no compromises or dilutions. Hence, the structuring of this framework adheres to the logic embodied in the key Buddhist concepts relating to social and economic development through Buddhist ethics. In designing means and methods of operationalizing GNH, the paper does not fail to focus on issues emerging from current developments which affect in one way or another the application of Buddhist values for maximizing GNH. In the sectional structure of this paper, it begins with the parameters; followed by discussions on four types of happiness visualized in Buddhist thought; it then discusses society's happiness; happiness as it relates to Buddhist thinking on political-economic and environmental issues, respectively. It concludes with some recommendations