ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN TANDA BACA DALAM MANUSKRIP MUSHAF AL-QUR'AN PANGERAN DIPONEGORO PERSPEKTIF ILMU DABT

At the time of Caliph Usman, the codification of the Qur'an was the culmination of the collection and harmonization of the reading of the Qur'an. However, there were no punctuation, vowels, or periods, and only had consonants. Even the San'a Qur'an manuscripts, one of the oldest Qur'anic manuscripts estimated to have existed before 750 AD, punctuations are almost rarely found to distinguish letters. Unlike other Indonesian manuscripts, such as Prince Diponegoro's Qur'anic Manuscript, this manuscript has different points and it is equipped with other punctuation marks. The readings in this text are very diverse, however, not all punctuation marks can be found in the Qur'anic text today. Research on ancient manuscripts that already exist has not discussed many aspects of textology specifically related to the science of Ḍabṭ. Whereas textological research on ancient manuscripts like this is also important. Therefore, this research was conducted with the formulation of the problem; First, how is the use of punctuation on the Qur'anic manuscripts of Prince Diponegoro in the perspective of Ḍabṭ Science? Second, what are the characteristics of the punctuation on the Qur'anic manuscripts of Prince Diponegoro? This research is a qualitative research by using the Prince Diponegoro's Qur‟anic Manuscript as the primary source. Primary data sources are inventoried, described, identified and compared with secondary data. To analyze data related to the use of punctuation marks, the researcher used the science of Ḍabṭ approach. There are two books that are used as the reference sources in analyzing the data, namely Al-Muḥkam fī Naqṭi al-Maṣāḥif by al-Dānī and Uṣūl al-Ḍabṭ by Abū Dāwud. Researcher also uses contemporary Al-Qur'an manuscripts as a comparison. The results showed that the application of punctuation on the Qur'anic manuscripts of Prince Diponegoro was evidence that at the end of the process of copying the manuscripts by hand, the science of Ḍabṭ had begun to develop in the archipelago. Based on the theory of Ḍabṭ science proposed by Abū 'Amr al-Dānī and Abū Dāwud, the punctuation marks used in the manuscript text of Prince Diponegoro‟s Qur'anic manuscripts have a basis and are more likely to follow the rules put forward by Abū Dāwud which refers to the concept of Al-Khalil. The similarity of signs can be seen in the way of writing ḥarakāt/syakl, saknah, tanwīn, mad and tasydīd. However, in the reading that meets with nun sākinah and tanwīn, the Qur'anic manuscripts of Prince Diponegoro gives a special mark to distinguish these readings without any additional tasydīd on letters that meet nun sākinah and tanwīn. In addition, ḥarakāt in jalālah pronunciation is marked not by using fatḥah qā'imah. The application of these punctuation marks becomes a character in writing punctuation marks on the Qur'anic manuscripts of Prince Diponegoro which developed in the 18th century to the early 19th century AD