We present in this thesis a new method for the conception of evolving and customizable classification systems. The main contribution of this work is represented by proposing an incremental approach for the learning of classification models based on first-order Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy inference systems. This approach includes, on the one hand, the adaptation of linear consequences of the fuzzy rules using the recursive least-squares method, and, on the other hand, an incremental learning of the antecedent of these rules in order to modify the membership functions according to the evolution of data density in the input space. The proposed method, Evolve++, resolves the instability problems in the incremental learning of TS models thanks to a...