Transverse beam profile measurements for high power proton beams

High power proton accelerators (HPPA) projects are being proposed in fundamental and applied physics research: radioactive beam production, neutron sources, neutrino factories and transmutation. Among the parameters needed to be measured, the transverse beam profiles are the most difficult to obtain. A very attractive phenomenon is the production of visible light by the proton beam-background or additional gas interaction. Transverse beam profiles of the "SILHI" ECR source (95 keV, 100 mA) have been measured. The Doppler effect has been brought into operation to determine the energy and the spatial extension of the different components of the beam (H/sup +/, H/sub 2//sup +/, H/sub 3//sup +/). Wire scanners are also usable under low duty factor pulsed beam operation. Experiments have been conducted on tungsten, tantalum, titanium and carbon wires intercepting a 5 MeV proton beam delivered by the TANDEM accelerator of the Institut de Physique Nucleaire d'Orsay. Transverse beam profiles have been deduced from: back-scattered protons, X and gamma emission; and electric current collected in the wires