Organic composition of epilithic biofilms from agricultural and urban watershed in south Brazil

International audienceActive functional groups in biofilms determine the adsorption and desorption of contaminants and nutrients. Epilithic biofilms were characterized in order to understand the association between the chemistry alteration patterns and the surrounding anthropic activities of the Guaporé River watershed. The instrumental analyses included pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy, spectroscopy in the IR region with attenuated total reflectance and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. Spectrometric techniques demonstrated that epilithic biofilms are mainly composed of polysaccharides, nitrogencontaining compounds, lipids, and aromatic and phenolic structures, which have functional groups characteristic of alcohols, esters, ethers and amides. The polysaccharide levels reflect well the environmental pressures. The chemical composition of epilithic biofilms can be an effective tool for environmental assessment in watercourses, since the different anthropic actions developed in watersheds, mainly agriculture and urban areas, can modify the organic fraction of biofilms