Social factors of health vulnerability of marginalized social groups

Marginalizovane društvene grupe predstavljaju deo određene apoteoze drugosti u savremenim antropološkim istraživanjima, kao grupe - kao što su izbeglice ili imigranti, na primer - koje potiču iz tuđih sociokulturnih sredina, a bivaju marginalizovane u sredinama iz kojih potiču antropolozi, ili su im te sredine bliske po sociokulturnom ustrojstvu. Marginalizovanim treba smatrati one društvene grupe koje su dovedene u takvu poziciju kontekstualno, izmeštanjem iz svega onoga što znači život po ljudskim merilima, a što postaje (dugo)trajno stanje, odnosno način života određenih ljudi, te što dovodi do destabilizacije zdravstvenog statusa njihovih pripadnika u fizičkom i psi- hičkom smislu. Uzroci takvim izmeštanjima jesu socijalne prirode odakle predstavljaju primarne društvene činioce zdravstvene vulnerabilnosti populacija pogođenih izmeštanjima, uključujući ratove i oružane sukobe, progone na bilo kojoj osnovi i siromaštvo, odnosno nemogućnost opstanka na osnovu resursa dostupnih u sopstvenoj socioekonomskoj sredini. Sekundarni društveni činioci zdravstvene vulnerabilnosti marginalizovanih društvenih grupa javljaju se u sredinama u kojima se pripadnici tih grupa zatiču po izmeštanju iz prethodnih sociokulturnih okruženja, proizlaze iz pravnog statusa nevoljnih pridošlica u te sredine, a odnose se na njihov otežan ili onemogućen pristup sistemu socijalne i zdravstvene zaštite koji postoji u tim sredinama.Marginalized social groups are part of a certain apotheosis of otherness in present-day anthropological studies, being groups - such as refugees or immigrants that come from other socio-cultural environments, and are marginali zed in the anthropologists' own environments, or environments socio-culturally similar to these. Groups that are to be considered as marginalized are those that have been put in this position contextually, through displacement from everything that represents life according to human standards, which becomes a continuous/permanent state, i.e. the way of life of the people in question, leading to the destabilization of both their physical and their mental health. The causes of this displacement are social in nature, thus constituting the primary social factors of health vulnerability of displaced populations, and they include wars and armed conflicts, persecution for various reasons, and poverty, i.e. the impossibility of subsisting on resources available in one's own socio-economic environment. The secondary social factors of health vulnerability of marginalized social groups occur in the environments in which the groups find themselves after having been displaced from their previous socio- cultural environments; they result from the legal status of unwilling newcomers to these environments, and refer to the difficulty or impossibility of accessing the social and health care systems in their new environments