ENFORCEMENT ON THE AIRCRAFT- DE LEGE LATA AND SOLUTIONS DE LEGE FERENDA

Odredbe članaka 167.-175. Zakona o obveznim i stvarnopravnim odnosima u zračnom prometu o postupku ovrhe na zrakoplovu pokazatelj su kako bi se u praksi teško mogao provesti jedan jasan i učinkoviti prisilni postupak namirenja vjerovnikovih tražbina na zrakoplovu. Uzrok tomu su nepotpune, odnosno nepostojeće odredbe o: založnim tražbinama na zrakoplovu koje imaju prioritet u namirenju, nadležnosti i ovlasti ovršnog suda, podnošenju prijedloga za ovrhu i donošenju rješenja o ovrsi, troškovima provedbe ovrhe koje mora prethodno snositi ovrhovoditelj, privremenim mjerama na zrakoplovu te pojedinim ovršnim radnjama tijekom provedbe ovrhe na zrakoplovu. Čl. 175. Zakona o obveznim i stvarnopravnim odnosima u zračnom prometu navodi da se u postupku ovrhe na zrakoplovu na odgovarajući način primjenjuju odredbe čl. 867.-988. Pomorskog zakonika o ovršnoj prodaji broda, odnosno odredbe o utvrđivanju vrijednosti broda (čl. 867.) i o daljnjim radnjama koje se odnose na ovrhu i osiguranje tražbina na brodu. Međutim, tako se samo djelomično ispunjavaju pravne praznine ovršnoga dijela Zakona o obveznim i stvarnopravnim odnosima u zračnom prometu. Odredbe kojima se uređuju prethodne ovršne radnje u provedbi ovrhe na zrakoplovu, koje je potrebno provesti do utvrđivanja vrijednosti zrakoplova, nisu odgovarajuće utvrđene. Te su radnje ključne usmjeravanju daljnjega tijeka postupka ovrhe. Stoga je i namjera istraživanja usmjerena na analitički prikaz problematične regulacije takvih prethodnih radnji u provedbi ovrhe po odredbama Zakona o obveznim i stvarnopravnim odnosima u zračnom prometu. Prijedlozi de lege ferenda trebaju biti putokaz u dopuni postojećih odredbi o ovršnoj prodaji zrakoplova, pri čemu neka analogna rješenja Pomorskog zakonika o ovršnoj prodaji broda i poredbenog prava o ovršnoj prodaji zrakoplova trebaju biti pravni temeljThe provisions of Articles 167-175 of the Law on Obligations and Real Property Relations in Air Transport on the Enforcement Procedure on Aircraft are an indication that in practice it would be difficult to carry out a transparent and efficient coercive procedure for settling creditors’ claims on aircraft. The reason for this is incomplete or non-existent provisions on: pledge claims on the aircraft that have priority in settlement, competencies and powers of the enforcement court, submission of proposals for enforcement and issuance of enforcement decisions, enforcement costs that must be borne by the bailiff, temporary measures on individual aircraft enforcement actions during the execution on the aircraft. Article 175 of the Law on Obligations and Real Property Relations in Air Transport states that in the enforcement procedure on an aircraft, the provisions of Art. 867-988 of the Maritime Code on the enforcement sale of a ship, i.e. the provisions on determining the value of a ship (Article 867) and on further actions related to the enforcement and insurance of claims on a ship. However, this only partially fills the legal gaps in the enforcement part of the Law on Obligations and Real Property Relations in Air Transport. The provisions regulating previous enforcement actions in the implementation of enforcement on an aircraft that need to be carried out until the value of the aircraft is determined have not been adequately established. These actions are crucial in directing the further course of the enforcement proceedings. Therefore, the intention of the research is focused on the analytical presentation of the problematic regulation of such previous actions in the implementation of enforcement on the aircraft according to the provisions of the Law on Obligations and Real Property Relations in Air Transport. Proposals de lege ferenda should be a guide in supplementing the existing provisions on the enforceable sale of aircraft, with some analogous solutions of the Maritime Code on Enforcement of Ships and the comparative law on the enforceable sale of aircraft should be the legal basis