Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum due to Hookah Smoking in Children: Two Case Reports: Pneumomediastinum due to Hookah Smoking in Children

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is defined as free air within the mediastinum without any trauma, surgical procedure, medical attention or apparent precipitating causes. Pneumomediastinum (PM) is divided into two groups: (i) SPM and (ii) secondary PM. While smoking is accepted as a risk factor for PM in the literature, there is no concrete evidence linking hookah smoking with PM. In this article, our purpose is to present two children of SPM due to the sole effect of smoking hookah – without any other precipitating factor.A 15-year-old male presented to the emergency department complaining of chest pain and dyspnea. He stated that shortness of breath had begun after his most recent hookah smoking.. On the second day of hospitalization, the patient was discharged uneventfully.A 14-year-old male presented to the emergency department complaining of suffering dyspnea for 4 days.It is stated that he had been smoking hookah for two months and that his shortness of breath had begun after his most recent hookah smoking. On the second day of hospitalization, the patient was discharged uneventfully. Although SPM is rare in pediatric-age patients, hookah smoking should be queried. In terms of treatment, conservative therapy is generally sufficient and no sequelae or recurrence is expected in follow-up