Authoring Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are expensive to develop. While simple online courseware could be easily authored by teachers, the authoring of conversational ITSs usually involves a team of experts with different expertise, including domain experts, linguists, instruction designers, programmers, artists, computer scientists, etc. Reducing the authoring cost has long been a problem in the use of ITSs. Using AutoTutor as example, this paper discusses the authoring process and possible solutions by automatizing some authoring processes in authoring conversational ITSs