Rekonstruksi Sistem Presidential Threshold dalam Sistem Pemilu di Indonesia: (Studi Perbandingan Sistem Presidential Threshold Indonesia dan Brazil)

Elections that are hereinafter referred to as elections are one part of the process as well as the result of a democratic system based on the doctrine of "power of the people", namely the power of the people, by the people, and for the people. In 2019, the election will be held simultaneously. The existence of this simultaneous election was born after the issuance of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia No. 14 / PUU-XI / 2013 on The Testing of Law No. 42 of 2008 concerning Presidential and Vice Presidential Elections. However, there are some problems in the implementation of the 2019 election, namely the application of the concept of Presidential Threshold or threshold for presidential and vice presidential submissions. The implementation of this Presidential Threshold policy has a positive impact, one of which is the strengthening of the presidential system through simplification of political parties. However, the implementation of the Presidential Threshold can also lead to transactional politics between political parties. In addition, the Presidential Threshold is also considered to eliminate the right of citizens to vote (right to vote). Along with some of the weaknesses of the implementation of the Presidential Threshold, there is a need for an idea to regulate the Presidential Threshold policy so that in its application later in the 2019 Election there are no more contradictions that occur in the community regarding the existence of Presidential Threshold policies. This can be done by applying the concept of General Elections using the Presidential Threshold system simultaneously, but in its implementation later using the Closed Election system. The second alternative to accept the 2019 simultaneous elections, namely using the Presidential Threshold system and the Open Election system, but implemented gradually. The third uses the Presidential Threshold system of 0%.Pemilihan Umum yang selanjutnya disebut sebagai Pemilu merupakan salah satu bagian dari proses sekaligus hasil dari sebuah sistem demokrasi yang didasarkan pada doktrin “power of the people”, yakni kekuasaan dari rakyat, oleh rakyat, dan untuk rakyat. Pada tahun 2019, Pemilu tersebut akan dilaksanakan secara serentak. Adanya Pemilu serentak ini lahir setelah diterbitkannya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Nomor 14/PUU-XI/2013 tentang Pengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 tentang Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden. Namun, muncul beberapa persoalan dalam penyelenggaraan Pemilu 2019 tersebut yaitu adanya penerapan konsep Presidential Threshold atau ambang batas untuk pengajuan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden. Penerapan kebijakan Presidential Threshold ini memberikan dampak positif, salah satunya yakni penguatan sistem presidensial melalui penyederhanaan partai politik. Akan tetapi dengan adanya penerapan Presidential Threshold ini juga dapat menimbulkan adanya politik transaksional antar partai politik. Selain itu, Presidential Threshold juga dianggap menghilangkan hak warga negara untuk memilih (right to vote). Seiring dengan beberapa kelemahan penerapan Presidential Threshold tersebut maka diperlukan adanya sebuah gagasan untuk mengatur kebijakan Presidential Threshold agar dalam penerapannya nanti pada Pemilu 2019 tidak ada lagi kontradiksi yang terjadi di masyarakat terkait adanya kebijakan Presidential Threshold. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan cara menerapkan adanya konsep Pemilihan Umum menggunakan sistem Presidential Threshold secara Serentak, namun dalam pelaksanaanya nanti menggunakan sistem Pemilu Tertutup. Adapun alternatif yang kedua guna mengoptimalakan Pemilu serentak 2019, yakni menggunakan sistem Presidential Threshold dan sistem Pemilu Terbuka, namun dilaksanakan secara Bertahap. Yang ketiga menggunakan sistem Presidential Threshold 0%